We've added 11 new reports to the research clearinghouse:

• Callous and Cruel: Use of Force against Inmates with Mental Disabilities in US Jails and Prisons by Human Rights Watch, May, 2015
  "This 127-page report details incidents in which correctional staff have deluged prisoners with painful chemical sprays, shocked them with powerful electric stun weapons, and strapped them for days in restraining chairs or beds." See similar reports about:
  Mental Health Prisoner Welfare
• The Price of Jails: Measuring the Taxpayer Cost of Local Incarceration by Vera Institute of Justice, May, 2015
  "But as high as $22.2 billion sounds, it actually underestimates the price of jails, because other government agencies bear a large share of jail costs that are not reflected in jail budgets." See similar reports about:
  Jails Prison and The Economy
• Charging Inmates Perpetuates Mass Incarceration by Brennan Center for Justice, May, 2015
  "Every aspect of the criminal justice process has become ripe for charging a fee. In fact, an estimated 10 million people owe more than $50 billion in debt resulting from their involvement in the criminal justice system." See similar reports about:
  Jails Prison and The Economy
• Re-Examining Juvenile Incarceration: High cost, poor outcomes spark shift to alternatives by Pew Charitable Trusts Public Safety Performance Project, April, 2015
  "A growing body of research demonstrates that for many juvenile offenders, lengthy out-of-home placements in secure corrections or other residential facilities fail to produce better outcomes than alternative sanctions." See similar reports about:
  Juveniles
• Firearm Violence Among High-Risk Emergency Department Youth After an Assault Injury by Pediatrics, May, 2015
  "High-risk youth presenting to urban emergency departments for assault have elevated rates of subsequent firearm violence." See similar reports about:
  Juveniles Gun Control
• The Summons Report: Trends in the Issuance and Disposition of Summonses in New York City by John Jay College of Criminal Justice, April, 2015
  "Overall, summonses are on the decline. This decline is driven by lower issuance rates among 16-17-year-olds and 18-20-year-olds, mainly for disorderly conduct." See similar reports about:
  Crime and Crime Rates Trials
• San Francisco's Disproportionate Arrest of African American Women Persists by Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice, April, 2015
  "African American women, 5.8 percent of San Francisco's total female population, constituted 45.5 percent of all female arrests in 2013." See similar reports about:
  Civil Rights Police and Policing Practices
• Don't I Need A Lawyer? Pretrial Justice and the Right to Counsel at First Judicial Bail Hearing by The Constitution Project, March, 2015
  "It describes the far-reaching and well-documented adverse effects of denying counsel at the earliest stages of a criminal prosecution, a situation that presents numerous constitutional concerns." See similar reports about:
  Trials
• Unfinished Business: Deepening the Gains in Texas Juvenile Justice Reform by Texas Criminal Justice Coalition, May, 2015
  "Reforms are needed to move the Texas Juvenile Justice Department and its 166 local juvenile probation departments in the right direction to keep more young people closer to their home (or in their home), where the data show they will have better outcomes." See similar reports about:
  Juveniles
• Realignment, Incarceration, and Crime Trends in California by Public Policy Institute of California, May, 2015
  (Violent crime rates remain unaffected by realignment, and although California's property crime rate decreased in 2013, it did not drop more than in comparable states—so the auto theft gap that opened up in 2012 has not closed.) See similar reports about:
  Crime and Crime Rates
• Unlocking Human Dignity: A Plan to Transform the U.S. Immigrant Detention System by Migration and Refugee Services/United States Conference of Catholic Bishops and The Center for Migration Studies, May, 2015
  "The US immigrant detention system grew more than fivefold between 1994 and 2013." See similar reports about:
  Immigration Detainees